Where is the hall sensor located on the VAZ 2107. What is a hall sensor in a car, its connection, symptoms and troubleshooting. Digital Hall sensor in vehicle design

Welcome, friends, to the DIY VAZ car repair website. Each of us studied the Hall effect in school, so remembering its features will not be difficult.

The principle is very simple. If a conductor with a direct current flowing through it is placed in a magnetic field, then a potential difference can be observed.

This is precisely the principle behind the operation of the Hall sensor, which is so popular today.

Purpose and principle of operation of the Hall sensor

In modern cars, the Hall sensor is an important element of the ignition system. If the unit fails, the operation of the engine may be disrupted or the car may be completely immobilized.

Essentially, this controller is a camshaft sensor that is mounted in close proximity to the distributor and ensures its operation.

A special plate shaped like a crown is installed on the shaft of the distributor-distributor. A special feature of the plate is the presence of a strictly defined number of slots (usually it is equal to the number of cylinders of the power unit). The camshaft sensor itself contains a permanent magnet.

Due to this, a pulse voltage is generated. In turn, the voltage goes to the ignition coil, where it is converted to a higher voltage. The final point is the spark plugs.

It’s immediately worth noting that the camshaft sensor has only three terminals. The first is connected to the “minus” (ground) of the car, the second is the supply voltage of +6 Volts, and the third is the transmission of the pulse directly to the switch.

How to recognize the problem?

Before replacing the Hall sensor, you must diagnose the problem and test the device. The main symptoms of a sensor malfunction include:

• Problems with starting the engine. It may start with difficulty or may not start at all;
• jerks, floating revs and interruptions in work at XX;
• the appearance of jerking while driving at high speeds;
• Unpredictability of the engine - it can stall at any moment.

How to check the Hall sensor yourself

Today there are several popular ways to check the hall sensor. Let's highlight the most effective of them:

1. The easiest way is to take a known-good sensor from a friend, friend or neighbor in the garage and install it in place of your own. If the problem has disappeared, then a visit to the car store is inevitable.

2. Take a tester and measure the output voltage. If the sensor is operational, then the voltage should be in the range from 0.4-11 Volts.

3. Simulating a Hall sensor is another test option. Everything is simple here. Pull the block with three plugs from the sensor, turn on the ignition and combine the third and sixth outputs. If you observe a spark appearing, then the sensor is most likely faulty.

4. There is another test of the Hall sensor without a voltmeter. The sequence of actions is as follows:

1. Connect a spark plug to the coil wire terminal;
2. connect the threaded connection of the spark plug to ground;
3. remove the carriage with the sensor and connect the connector;
4. turn on the ignition;
5. run a metal screwdriver near the “suspect”. If a spark appears on the spark plug, then the Hall sensor is working.

Features of replacement (using the example of VAZ 2109)

If the tests carried out confirm your worst suspicions, then the hall sensor needs to be replaced.

The sensor is replaced as follows:

• Remove the distributor from the machine and then unscrew the cover;
• remove the slider (just pull it up a little);
• remove the black cover (usually it is made of plastic);
• unscrew the mounting bolt that secures the plug;
• take out the plug;
• unscrew the mounting bolts that hold the sensor plate;
• unscrew the bolts that secure the vacuum corrector;
• remove the retaining ring;
• dismantle the rod and the corrector itself;
• spread the clamp and take out the wires;
• remove the support plate;
• unscrew the two mounting bolts and change the Hall sensor;
• Reassemble everything in reverse order.

When the first signs of a malfunction appear, do not delay repairs. It is better to immediately check the Hall sensor and, if necessary, replace it. Good luck on the roads and of course no breakdowns.

The electronic ignition system installed in VAZ 2108-09 cars, in its operating principle, is a transitional option from a cam contact system to a fully electronic ignition, in which there are no moving mechanical parts. In terms of its performance characteristics, such an ignition circuit is also in the middle between the old and new systems, having its own disadvantages inherent only to it. These shortcomings somewhat affect the reliability of the ignition; you need to periodically pay attention to the condition of the switch and Hall sensor of the VAZ of the eighth and ninth models.

Description of the operating principle of the sensor

The G8 electronic ignition system consists of the following elements:

1. The main distributor of the ignition system, in which a photoelectric sensor is installed that records the position of the camshaft (Hall sensor).
2. High voltage coil.
3. Electronic control unit - switch.
4. High voltage wires.

The high voltage coil has two windings. The primary is connected to the circuit with the battery through a switch, relay and ignition switch, while the circuit is constantly closed. When the ignition moment is approaching in one of the cylinders and the piston is close to top dead center, the Hall sensor, mounted on the same axis with the camshaft, records this moment and signals it to the switch. It should be noted that in more modern schemes this function is performed by the crankshaft position sensor.

In modern circuits, the crankshaft position sensor functions as a hall sensor

The commutator, having received an impulse, breaks the circuit of the primary winding of the coil. In this case, a high voltage electromagnetic pulse is generated in the secondary winding, which has a much larger number of turns than the primary. It is supplied again to the ignition distributor through one high voltage wire, reaching the central contact of the slider. The latter transmits an impulse to one of the four cylinders, in which the fuel mixture needs to be ignited. After completing the cycle, the commutator restores the circuit of the primary winding of the coil and waits for the next signal from the Hall sensor.

As can be understood from the principle of operation of the circuit, the VAZ 2108 photoelectric Hall recorder is a key element of the circuit; without its normal operation, there will be no spark discharge on the spark plugs. Therefore, in the event of a car malfunction such as the disappearance of a spark, you need to immediately check the operation of two elements: the switch and the photoelectric sensor. In the first “eights” and “nines”, it was the switch that most often failed due to an imperfect design.

Since this problem was subsequently corrected, the main cause of ignition system failure is usually a malfunction of the recorder. The latter cannot be repaired, and in case of incorrect operation, the Hall sensor must be replaced.

How to replace a faulty element?

Hall sensor disassembled

This operation is quite simple; a minimum of tools is required: two screwdrivers (flat and Phillips) and pliers. Replacing the Hall sensor is carried out with the distributor removed; it will have to be completely disassembled, and doing this on a car is problematic. The work order is as follows:

1. Unscrew and remove the cover with high voltage wires from the distributor and put them aside.
2. Pull out the rubber plug from the inspection window of the engine flywheel, turning the crankshaft with a wrench, align the mark on the flywheel with the slot. In this case, the distributor slider will be turned towards the contact of the first cylinder on its cover. Then unscrew the distributor mounting bolts, disconnect the connector and remove it from the engine.
3. Remove the slider from the shaft, this is done manually with little effort, and then remove the round plastic boot.
4. The connector to which the external wires are connected is unscrewed with a flat-head screwdriver, after which it is removed from its socket. Now you can unscrew the metal plate, which is secured with two screws.
5. Next you need to disconnect the vacuum corrector. In the opening near the plate, its rod is visible, which is secured with a locking pin. The latter is removed with round pliers, the corrector body is unscrewed and disconnected from the distributor.
6. The metal clamp that holds the wires inside the distributor must be carefully unbent so that these wires can be removed. Now nothing prevents you from pulling out the plate itself along with the wires, which was unscrewed earlier. It is on the other side of this plate that the Hall sensor is installed on two screws. It should be unscrewed with a flat-head screwdriver and replaced with a new one.
7. Assembly is carried out in reverse order. When installing the ignition distributor in its place, make sure that the slider is turned with its contact towards the first cylinder, after which the distributor can be screwed on. Finally, put the cap on and start the engine. This completes the replacement of the Hall sensor on the G8.

If everything is done correctly, there will be no problems starting the engine. If the engine does not start, you need to once again check that the marks match and the correct installation of the ignition distributor: perhaps you mixed up the cylinders and placed the slider in the wrong direction. At the same time, do not forget to put a rubber plug in the inspection window on the engine so that dirt does not get through it onto the flywheel.

The cost of a photoelectric Hall sensor is low.

Therefore, owners of “eights” and “nines” with such an ignition system are recommended to carry it with them, since this element can fail at the most inopportune moment.

Hall Sensor

Need check Hall sensor occurs when problems arise with the car’s ignition system, and therefore it is necessary to ensure that all its components are in good working order, in particular the idle speed sensor. So let’s take a closer look at the principle of operation, signs of malfunction and how to check the Hall sensor with your own hands.

The principle of operation of the sensor and its features

In its operation, the sensor uses the physical Hall effect, discovered in the 19th century. However, they began to use it only in the 70-80s of the last century, when automakers began to switch from electronic ones.

Simple enough. As the motor shaft rotates, metal blades pass through slots in the motor housing. It gives an electrical impulse to the switch, as a result of which the latter unlocks the transistor and supplies voltage to the ignition coil. It, in turn, converts the low-voltage signal into a high-voltage one and supplies it to the spark plug.

Structurally, the sensor has three contacts:

• for connection to “ground” (car body);
• to connect voltage with a “+” sign and a value of about 6 V;
• to supply a pulse signal from it to the switch.

Advantages of using a Hall sensor in electronic ignition systems there are two main factors - lack of contact group(which constantly burns), and also higher spark plug voltage ignition (30 kV versus 15 kV).

Since Hall sensors are also used in braking and anti-lock braking systems and tachometer operation, the device performs the following additional functions for the car:

• increases engine performance;
• speeds up the functioning of all machine systems.

As a result, the ease of use of the car, as well as its safety, increases.

Hall sensor for VAZ 2107

Hall sensor for VAZ 2109

Hall sensor for VAZ 2110

Signs of a Hall sensor malfunction

Sensor failures manifest themselves in different ways. Identifying them can sometimes be difficult even for an experienced master. Here are some of the most common symptoms and problems with the Hall sensor:

• hard to start or the engine does not start at all;
• occurrence of interruptions in engine operation;
• “twitching” cars when driving at high speeds;
• the engine stalls while the car is moving.

If your machine has one or more of these symptoms, it is imperative to check the sensor.

How to check the Hall sensor

Exists several verification methods. Briefly, they work like this:

Checking the serviceability of the hall sensor (diagram)

• Creating a simulation of the presence of a Hall sensor. This verification method the fastest and it will be suitable if there is power at the ignition system components, but . For this purpose, the three-pin block is removed from the distributor. Next, you need to turn on the car’s ignition and connect (short with a piece of wire) outputs 3 and 2 (negative pin and signal contact). If in the process on the central wire of the ignition coil there will be a spark- Means, the sensor has failed. Please note that in order to detect sparking, you need to hold the high-voltage wire near ground.
• Checking the Hall sensor with a multimeter, the most common method. For this check, a multimeter (tester) is used. To do this, it is enough to measure the voltage at the output of the sensor. If it is working properly, then the voltage should be within the limits 0.4...11 V.
• Replacing a faulty device with a known working one. You can borrow it from friends who have a car with the same sensor. If after replacement the problems that bother you disappear, you will have to buy and replace the Hall sensor with a new one.

Hall sensor check

Hall sensor, checked with a multimeter.

Another common method is to check for resistance at the sensor. To do this, you need to make a simple device consisting of a 1 kOhm resistor, an LED and flexible wires. A resistance is soldered to the LED leg, and two wires of a length that is convenient for operation (not short) are soldered to it.

Then remove the distributor cover, disconnect the distributor and plug box. Next, check the serviceability of the electrical circuit. To do this, an electronic multimeter (voltmeter) is connected to terminals 1 and 3, after which the car’s ignition is turned on. Under normal conditions, the value obtained on the screen of the measuring device should be within the limits 10...12 V.

Next, we similarly connect the constructed device to the same terminals. If you guessed the polarity correctly, the LED lights up. Otherwise, the wires must be swapped. The further procedure is as follows:

• do not touch the wire connected to the first terminal;
• We transfer the end from the third terminal to the free second;
• rotate the camshaft (manually or using a starter).

If the LED blinks while the shaft is turning, then everything is in order and the Hall sensor does not need to be replaced.

It is worth noting that the process of checking the Hall sensor on the VAZ 2109, Audi 80, Volkswagen Passat B3 and other cars is carried out according to the same scheme. The only difference is the location of individual parts under the hood of the car.

Hall sensor replacement

Replacing the Hall sensor VAZ 2109

Let's consider the process replacing the Hall sensor on a VAZ 2109 car. This procedure is simple and does not cause difficulties even for novice car enthusiasts. Its algorithm is as follows:

• The first step is to remove the distributor from the car.
• After this, the distributor cover is dismantled. Next, you need to align the marks of the timing mechanism and the crankshaft mark.
• Then the fasteners are dismantled using a wrench. At the same time, do not forget to mark and remember the location of the distributor.
• If there are latches or stoppers in the housing, they must also be removed.
• At the next stage, remove the shaft from the distributor.
• Next, disconnect the Hall sensor terminals and unscrew the mounting bolts.
• The sensor is removed through the resulting gap.
• Installation of a new Hall sensor is carried out in the reverse order.

Conclusion

It is worth noting that there is no point in repairing the Hall sensor, since it is very inexpensive (about $3...5). If you are convinced that the car’s malfunctions are related specifically to the mentioned sensor, we recommend that you go to the nearest auto store and buy a new device. If you encounter any difficulties when checking or replacing the Hall sensor, please contact the technicians working at the service station for help.

Many owners of a VAZ 2107 with a contactless ignition system are interested in the question of how to check the Hall sensor. The question is, in fact, quite relevant, since if the device fails, starting the engine becomes problematic or completely impossible. Therefore, it is important to know what actions to take to fix the problem and how to replace the sensor.

Hall sensor for VAZ 2107

The Hall sensor is one of the main devices in the contactless ignition system of gasoline engines. If a problem occurs with this part, the operation of the engine is disrupted. In order to be able to diagnose the problem in a timely manner, it is important to know and understand how the Hall sensor (HL) works and, in particular, on the VAZ 2107, how to determine the malfunction and replace the device. All these points are worth dwelling on in more detail.

Purpose of the sensor

A number of electronic car systems are equipped with sensors that send a signal to the corresponding unit responsible for the operation of the power unit to change certain parameters. The contactless ignition system of the VAZ 2107 also has a device called a Hall sensor (HL). Its purpose is to determine the position angle of the crankshaft and camshaft of the power unit. The sensor is installed not only on modern, but also on old cars, for example, VAZ 2108/09. According to the readings of the element, current is supplied to the spark plugs.

Operating principle of the device

The operation of a DC is based on the effect of increasing voltage in the cross section of a conductor placed in a magnetic field. At the moment when a spark should appear, a change in the electromotive force occurs; a signal from the distributor is sent to the switch and spark plugs. If we consider the Hall sensor, which is used today in contactless ignition systems, it is a device for detecting changes in the magnetic field during camshaft operation. To trigger the element, a certain value of magnetic induction is required.

The sensor works as follows: there is a special crown-type plate on the distributor axis. Its special feature is the slots, the number of which corresponds to the number of engine cylinders. The sensor design also includes a permanent magnet. As soon as the ignition distributor shaft begins to rotate, the driven plate intersects with the sensor space, which leads to the generation of a pulse that is transmitted to the ignition coil. This impulse is converted and causes a spark to form on the spark plugs, as a result of which the air-fuel mixture is ignited.

As the engine speed increases, the frequency of pulses coming from the DC increases, which determines the normal operation of the power unit. Despite the fact that the phenomenon considered was discovered long before production cars appeared, it is nevertheless used in automotive production today. The sensor is a fairly reliable device, the breakdown of which does not occur very often.

Video: Hall sensor operation

The Hall sensor has three contacts:

• weight;
• plus power (about 6 V);
• communication with the ignition system switch.

Where is the DH on the VAZ 2107

If you are the owner of a VAZ “Seven” with contactless ignition, then it will not be superfluous to know where the Hall sensor is located. Finding the ignition distributor is not difficult, but the sensor itself is located under its cover. To access the DC, you need to remove two latches and remove the distributor cover, after which you can see the sensor itself.

Connection diagram

The Hall sensor has a direct connection with the switch and is connected according to the diagram shown in the figure.

The switch itself performs the following functions:

• amplifies the pulses to 12 V and transmits them to the ignition coil;
• receives a signal from the DC in the form of an impulse.

In simple words, the switch is a regular amplifier, which is designed in a similar way to an assembly based on field-effect transistors. Despite the simplicity of the circuit, the device is easier to purchase than to make yourself. The main thing is that the Hall sensor and the switch on the VAZ 2107 are correctly installed and connected. Otherwise, the sensor will not work properly.

Signs of a malfunction of the Hall sensor on a VAZ 2107

The Hall sensor, like any other element of the car, can fail over time. However, even experienced drivers cannot always determine that the problem that has arisen is related to the device in question, since the malfunction can manifest itself in different ways. For diagnostics, quite often you have to check for possible signs of sensor failure before you can find out that this particular sensor is the “culprit”.

At the same time, there are basic symptoms by which one can determine that not everything is in order with the DH on the VAZ 2107. Let's look at them:

• the engine does not start or starting is difficult;
• there are interruptions or jerks in the operation of the power unit at idle speed;
• the engine stalls while the vehicle is moving;
• twitching is observed when driving at high speeds.

If one of the listed symptoms appears, it is recommended to check the Hall sensor and, if necessary, replace it. Owners of cars with a contactless ignition system would do well to carry a working element with them as a spare part.

How to check the sensor

To find out the condition of the sensor, you need to check the element. There are several ways to do this. Let's look at them:

Video: checking the sensor with a multimeter

Checking the Hall sensor on a VAZ 2107 can be done without the device. In this case, the sequence of actions will be as follows:

1. We unscrew the spark plug on one of the cylinders or use a spare one and connect it to the high-voltage wire from the ignition coil.
2. We connect the spark plug thread to the body mass.
3. We remove the sensor, connect the connector from the switch and turn on the ignition.
4. We hold it with a metal object, for example, a screwdriver, near the sensor. If a spark appears on the spark plug, then the device being tested is operational.

Replacing the Hall sensor on a VAZ 2107

The process of replacing the DC is not the most pleasant, since you will have to not only remove, but also completely disassemble the ignition distributor. First you need to purchase the sensor itself and prepare the following tools:

• wrench 13 (open-end or socket);
• screwdriver;
• pliers;
• hammer.

Before you start disassembling the distributor, you need to pay attention to how it is located. It is best to make marks on its body and cylinder block. If adjusting the ignition is not a difficult task for you, then the distributor can be removed without any marks. The procedure for removing and replacing the sensor on the “seven” is carried out in the following sequence:

1. We remove the negative terminal from the battery, the cover from the ignition distributor, the vacuum hose and disconnect the connector that goes to the sensor.
2. To remove the distributor, unscrew the bolt to 13, remove the washer and take out the distributor itself.
3. To disassemble the ignition distributor, it is necessary to knock out the pin that holds the shaft. To do this, we use a suitable attachment, and for convenience we clamp the distributor itself in a vice.
4. Remove the plastic stopper and take out the shaft.
5. Unscrew the two screws of the Hall sensor and the two screws of the sensor connector.
6. Unscrew the vacuum corrector mount and remove the sensor through the hole.
7. We install the new sensor and assemble it in the reverse order.

After dismantling and disassembling the distributor, it is recommended to clean the shaft from carbon deposits, for example, by washing it in diesel fuel. As for repairing the sensor, this element is considered non-repairable and if it fails, only replacement is necessary. In addition, its cost is not so high, within 200 rubles.

Video: how to replace the Hall sensor on VAZ family cars

If malfunctions occur in the vehicle's ignition system associated with the Hall sensor, it is not necessary to contact a service center to eliminate them. You can diagnose a malfunction on your own, even in the absence of special devices. The main thing is to familiarize yourself with simple and understandable recommendations and strictly follow them.

Welcome!
Failure of such an important sensor will prevent the car from even starting. Injection systems have a crankshaft position sensor. Both sensors operate on the same principle. Failure of any other sensor will make it possible to start the car, but the engine will operate in emergency mode: a spark will not be given to any spark plug and the engine will simply spin at idle from the starter.

Note!
You will need the following tools: a set of wrenches, screwdrivers, a hammer, and take a thin bit (an awl will do) and don’t forget the pliers!

Do you know the location of the distributor? For clarity, look at the photo in the article: “Replacing the distributor on a VAZ”. The sensor is located inside the distributor cover - easy to see by removing the cover. In the diagram below it is indicated as number 22. Operating principle:

• the screen under the number 20 rotates in a circle when the engine is started (in the diagram, the red arrow indicates breaks and a solid part);
• the sensor has electromagnetic pulses that it emits, causing a spark to be generated.

For example, the screen scrolls a little (the screen has only 4 gaps - 1 gap supplies a spark to the spark plug of the first cylinder, 2 gaps and the sensor supplies a spark to the second cylinder spark plug, etc.), it emits pulses. The screen fits in one piece and the pulses go to the sensor, which in turn sends a signal to the switch, which increases the spark and goes to its coil. After passing through the solid part of the screen, a gap begins - no signals return to the sensor, it does not produce a spark, the next gap approaches and the sensor again begins to send signals to the switch, which in turn sends signals to the coil, the coil to the wires and to the spark plugs. Here is the principle of operation of a contactless ignition system on a car.

Sensor replacement time

The following signs will help you suspect something is wrong with the sensor:

• you have difficulties while driving, the car stalls and accelerates jerkily;
• the car stalls periodically, especially at low speeds;
• The tachometer needle floats at idle speed of the engine (it rises and falls, up and down, but you don’t press the gas);
• noticeable loss of traction;
• The car won't start at all.

Note!
By the way, loosening the sensor can cause incorrect operation. Pay attention when shooting.

Replacing the hall sensor on a VAZ 2101-VAZ 2107

Removal

Remove the distributor from the car. You will have to disassemble the distributor a little, read more in the article: “Repairing the distributor on cars”, points 1-3 and 5.

Note!
While removing the ignition distributor, do not forget to disconnect the wire block from the sensor. For clarity, the photo below shows with an arrow the place where this block is inserted, and the blue arrow shows the block itself. We disconnect it.

Now that you have disassembled the distributor and checked the components for serviceability, proceed to removing the sensor. It is fastened with screws, by unscrewing which (see photos 1 and 2) you can remove it from the car.

Installation

Install the parts in the reverse order of removal. First check the serviceability of the sensor: although rare, there have been cases of faulty sensors being sold in car dealerships. Below are instructions that you can use to check your old sensor, it may be in working order and does not require replacement. Or check the new one after installation.

Hall sensor check

The best test is to install a different, known-good sensor in the car, start it and evaluate the engine’s performance. Then everything will fall into place and you will understand whether this is where the problem lies. There is an alternative verification method. We will need a voltmeter and a sensor removed from the car. Please note the test diagram below, it explains how to connect the voltmeter: Connect the voltmeter tips to pins 2 and 3 of the sensor and insert a screwdriver or blade between the sensor contacts. Observe the readings at the time of the test, they should change in the range of 0.4-3 volts. If the readings are lower, the sensor is faulty and requires replacement. Remember, the test is carried out on the device removed from the car.

Note!
We recommend that you also watch the video below. What is presented here is not a car of the classic family, but a VAZ 21099. After looking, you will understand that the sensor is checked on all cars almost identically.