Tractor track adjustment. Tractor track adjustment Welding machine operating instructions

Track width adjustment on reinforced concrete above-the-rail bases

N. D. Kravchenko, V. M. KRUGLOV, doctor tech. Sciences, Yu.N. AKSENOV, A.YU. BOGACHEV, technical candidates sciences

It is known that in the 1970s, on the domestic network of main railways, a transition was made from a differentiated track gauge to a unified track gauge of 1520 mm for straight and curved sections. This became possible thanks to the following activities:

Exclusion of two-axle cars from circulation;

The use of two-, three- and four-axle bogie vehicles, respectively, in four-, six- and eight-axle cars;

Transition to electric and diesel traction;

Mass introduction of R50, R65 rails and reinforced concrete sleepers.

However, in subsequent years, with an increase in freight intensity, an increase in car loads and train speeds, the negative consequences of unification began to appear intensively, primarily an increased lateral wear of the rail head and flanges.
rolling stock forest in curved track sections with both reinforced concrete and wooden sleepers.

As a way out in the early 2000s, in curved track sections with small radii and reinforced concrete sleepers, it was decided to switch to a differentiated track gauge, using special sleepers with a step-by-step retraction (2 mm) of the track width in the transition curves. Operational tests of this design on roads with fasteners KB, ZhBR, ARS gave positive results primarily in reducing the intensity of lateral wear of the rail head and wheel flanges of the rolling stock. However, with such adjustment of the track width, the cost and labor costs increase significantly, and the technology for performing the work becomes more complicated.

MIIT has proposed and patented (patents No. 2267569, 2373318) for a track with reinforced concrete sub-rail bases, the design of an intermediate rail fastening and a method of smooth (in accordance with current regulations) removal of the rail track both for widening and narrowing.

In fig. 1 for a track with reinforced concrete sub-rail bases, there are two options for a fastening unit with composite liners. In fig. 1, but a variant where the rail thread on both sides has composite inserts of the same width, for example, 12 mm. It is acceptable for both straight sections and circular curves, but not suitable for transitions. A combination of structural elements of the fastening unit and a reinforced concrete sleeper is required, in which the same sleeper could be used on straight sections, in transition and circular curves, i.e. unified in relation to the conditions of the possibility of adjusting the track width from 1520 to 1535 mm.

The simplest technical solution is to install reinforced concrete sleepers on the under-rail platforms with an extended space between the side stops of the rail foot. As lateral stops, it is advisable to take metal anchors that are embedded in the concrete of the sleepers in the factory (for example, according to the APC fastening pattern). The distance Ln between the vertical surfaces of the anchors from the side of the rail lines is

By a resolution of the Scientific and Technical Council of Russian Railways in November 2009, a decision was made to change the nominal values \u200b\u200bof the track gauge: for straight lines and curves with a radius of up to 650 m - 1520 mm; for curves with a radius from 651 to 350 m - 1530 mm, and for curves with a radius of 349 m and less - in accordance with the current regulations. The current standards for these conditions provide for a track width of 1535 mm for wooden sleepers, and for reinforced concrete

1520 mm. Here, the required track gauge of 1535 mm is envisaged to be provided with a set of reinforced concrete sleepers with a 2 mm step change in track width from 1530 to 1535 mm, which, as noted above, is ineffective compared to a set of composite liners for these purposes.

With the existing technology for assembling a rail and sleeper lattice on PMS bases in straight sections of the track, after replacing inventory rails with continuous welts, very often the track narrows (up to 1515 mm or less), i.e. the narrowing goes beyond 1518 mm (tolerance ± 2 mm when replacing inventory rails with whips).

In addition, by the above resolution, the minimum value of the track width for straight sections is 1516 mm, which corresponds to an operating tolerance of +8 mm; -4 mm. In this regard, it is advisable to adopt for assembly on the bases of the links of the rail and sleepers for both straight and curved sections with a track gauge of 1522 instead of 1520 mm.

In the curved track sections, as is known, in the initial period of operation, due to the selection of backlash, a widening of the track is observed. In this regard, it is advisable for circular curves with nominal track gauges of 1530 and 1535 mm, respectively, to take 1528 and 1534 mm.

The number of sleepers with the same liner width should not be less than five. Slopes when tacking the track width must correspond to the required
requirements of the current standards.

Taking into account the adjusted values \u200b\u200bof the track gauge for straight sections 1522 mm, and for circular curves in the range of a radius from 650 to 350 m and a radius of less than 349 m, respectively 1528 and 1534 mm, the distance between the side stops of the foot of the rail lines (taking into account the width of the liners) on reinforced concrete sleepers (Fig. 2) should be: Ln \u003d 182 mm for P65 rails and Ln \u003d 164 mm for P50.

Moreover, the Ln values \u200b\u200bare constant with the corresponding rails for straight, circular and transition curves.

When developing an intermediate fastening, it was envisaged to exclude the eccentricity of the transfer of the rated load from the fastening unit to the sleeper when placing liners of different widths and the possibility of adjusting the position of the rail threads in height.

The peculiarity of this fastening is that the terminal bolts with T-shaped heads contact the metal anchors along a rounded surface, and the upper branch of the bar terminal also has a rounded concave surface. Centering elements 4 are provided between the nuts on the cage bolts 3 and the upper branches of the terminals 4. Such a combination of interacting elements, when tightening the nut on the bolt 3, excludes transmission eccentricity
vertical load when placed between the vertical surfaces of the rail foot and anchors of different widths L of liners (see Fig. 1.6).

In fig. 1, c shows a variant of adjusting the height of one rail line relative to the other, where the eccentricity of the vertical load transfer is also excluded.

Taking into account that the inner rail thread of the curve works in lighter conditions compared to the outer one, by varying the set of inserts with a step of 2 mm, we initially change the track width on it from 1522 to 1528 mm. Then we carry out similar operations for the outer thread, while ensuring an increase in the track width from 1528 to 1534 mm.

According to the scheme for adjusting the track gauge shown in the table, both when assembling the rail and sleepers, and when replacing inventory rails with continuous welts, it became possible in real conditions to determine the locations of the transition and circular curves with an error not exceeding the distance between the axles of the sleepers with a diagram of 2000 pcs / km , i.e. 500 mm.

The material for the manufacture of electrical insulating liners can be high-impact polyamide (PA UP), produced in Russia, as well as polyurethane elastomer (Elastollan), produced in Germany, which have proven themselves well when testing similar products of the railway track with ARS fasteners under the conditions of field tests on the Experimental ring ...

For smooth adjustment of the track gauge from 1522 to 1534 mm, four types of liners are sufficient in their width, namely 12, 14, 16 and 18 mm. In addition, the inserts with a width of 12 and 18 mm are also distinguished by the fact that the second is 1.5 times wider than the first, but they both can be black. Inserts with 14 and 16 mm widths may additionally differ in colors. For example, the first might be yellow and the second green.

It is advisable to accept that the combination in the attachment points of the liners in the track for straight sections is constant: on the outside - 18 mm wide, and on the inside of both rail threads - 12 mm.

All links based on PMS are planned to be assembled with imitation of the track gauge for straight sections.

When replacing inventory rails with continuous strings, the widening bend from the straight section in the first transition curve up to 1528 mm (the width of the rail track for curves with radii from 651 to 350 m) is provided along the inner rail thread. At the same time, in a circular curve, liners with a width of 18 mm
it is planned to be placed from the side of the track axis, and 12 mm wide - from the outside. Along the outer rail thread, liners 12 mm wide - from the side of the track axis, and 18 mm wide - from the outside.

On curve sections with a radius of less than 350 m, the track gauge in a circular curve is 1534 mm. Here, along the inner and outer rail threads, liners 18 mm wide are provided on the side of the track axis, and 12 mm wide - from the outside.

On the second transition curve, the set and placement of liners are aimed at narrowing the track. In fact, this is a mirror image of their placement on the first broadening transition curve. In this case, the lengths of the transition curves are, as a rule, different.

The sequence of insertion of inserts for the rail track taps from 1522 to 1534 mm is shown in the table.

The proposed option for regulating the width of the rail track on the way with reinforced concrete sub-rail bases compares favorably in terms of labor costs from a similar operation on the way with wooden sleepers. Here there is no need to drill at least four holes with the treatment of their walls with an antiseptic against
rotting. In addition, the costs of complete dismantling and installation of intermediate fastening units are eliminated on the way with a reinforced concrete sub-rail base. Labor costs when performing similar work on the way with wooden sleepers increase at least 5 times.

The given method of adjusting the track gauge using composite liners of four varieties in width compares favorably with the method of step-by-step adjustment using reinforced concrete sleepers in the following main indicators:

Unification of reinforced concrete sleepers made taking into account the ones shown in Fig. 1.6 and 2 features, for use in straight sections, transitions and curves, including track gauge 1535 mm;

Elimination of the need to purchase metal molds for additional production of seven types of reinforced concrete sleepers for track gauges of 1522, 1524, 1526, 1528, 1530, 1532 and 1534 mm;

A significant simplification of the technology of work when using products in circulation (four composite liners weighing less than 2.5 kg per one sleeper compared to reinforced concrete sleepers weighing 270 kg each) when assembling a rail and sleeper lattice, replacing inventory rails with continuous strings, sorting, transportation and other related work, current track maintenance and repairs;

Possibility in real conditions on the ground to determine the position of transitional and circular curves with an error not exceeding the distance between the axes of the sleepers at a plot of 2000 pcs / km, i.e. 500 mm.

The proposed method for regulating the track gauge and the basic diagram of intermediate fastening are also acceptable for turnouts with reinforced concrete beams. It is also envisaged to use the option of threadless intermediate fastening.

6.2. Adjusting the cutting width

Turn the handwheel by hand until the upper knife is in its lowest position (Fig. 20).

Loosen the screw (1) and move the lower knife block (2) to the left, slightly tighten the screw (1).

Loosen the screw (3) and move the upper knife to the left or to the right, depending on whether you want to decrease or increase the cutting width. Tighten the screw (3).

Loosen the screw (1) and return the lower knife to its original position. Tighten the screw (1).

6.3. Adjusting the height of the needle bar

Turn the overlock pulley so that the needle bar passes top dead center and starts moving down.

Remove the top cover by unscrewing the screws (3).

Loosen the screw (4), adjust the needle bar to the desired height and tighten the screw (4).

Replace the top cover (3) and secure with the screws.

Check the adjustment of the bumpers (needle guards).

6.4. Adjusting the pressure and position of the presser foot

6
.4.1. Adjusting the pressure of the presser foot

To adjust the pressure, loosen or increase the compression of the presser foot spring by turning the adjuster (1).

6.4.2. Adjusting the position of the presser foot

6.4.3. Adjusting the lifting height of the presser foot

6.5. Adjusting the fabric motor

6.5.1. Adjusting the height of the fabric motor

Turn the handwheel by hand until the feed dog is in its highest position.

Loosen the screw (1) and adjust the height of the rear feed dog (2). The feed motor should be raised 0.8-1.0 mm above the throat plate. Tighten the screw (1).

Loosen the screw (3) and move the front feed feed (4) up or down so that the distance above the needle plate is 0.8-1.0mm. Tighten the screw (3).

6
.5.2. Adjusting the horizontal position of the fabric motor

To adjust, loosen the screw (1) and turn the adjusting shaft (2). Do not tighten the screw (1) until you have adjusted the horizontal position of the feed motor, then tighten the screw (1).

6.5.3. Adjusting the auxiliary fabric motor

The height of the auxiliary section should be 0.3-0.5 mm below the main gear rack. The adjustment is made after loosening the screw (2).

6.6. Needle and stitch plate

When the needle is moved to the highest position, the distance between the needle point (left needle if there are two) and the stitch plate is 9.5-9.7mm for a machine with

from
standard lift or 10.8-11.0mm for a machine with high needle lift. Each needle should be centered in the corresponding needle hole on the needle plate. The right needle should be 0.2-0.3mm higher than the left needle, and the distance between the tip of the needle and the leading edge of the hole in the needle plate (and in the presser foot) is 1.2mm. The needle should fit exactly into the hole in the needle plate and presser foot. If the needle touches the edges of the holes in the needle plate or foot, it deforms or deviates during sewing, which, in turn, causes skipped stitches, thread breaks, poor thread tension or needle breakage.

ATTENTION!To center the needles in the needle plate and foot, it is enough to adjust the position of the needle plate (it is possible to slightly shift the support bar of the needle plate) and the foot (it is possible to move it "from the seamstress" ("to the seamstress")), as well as the needle holder around the axis and along height.

Be sure to consider!Changing the trajectory of the needle in space inevitably entails the need to adjust the position of the loopers and needle guards (bumpers).

6.7. Right looper and needle synchronization

The clearance between the needle and the upper looper (Fig. 28) when the upper looper moves to the left is the distance between the center of the needle and the left edge of the looper 4.4-4.7 mm. For the two-needle model, the distance between the center of the needle and the left edge of the looper is 5.4-5.7 mm.

6.8. Synchronizing the left looper and the needle

(Fig. 29, 30)

When the left looper is moved to the leftmost position, the distance between its tip and the center line of the needle (left needle if there are 2) is 3.7-3.9mm for a machine with high needle lift.

When the left looper moves to the center line of the needle (left needle if there are two), the clearance between the needle and the looper is 0-0.05mm.

6 . 9 . Synchronizing the right and left loopers

The intersection of the right and left loopers is shown in fig. 31. In this case, it is necessary that all the above synchronizations are performed.

6.10. Adjusting the needle guards (bumpers)

TO
when the tip of the left looper is against the center line of the needle (left needle if there are two), the clearance between the needle and the rear bumper A is 0mm. When the needle is moved to the lowest position, the clearance between the needle and the front bumper B is 0.15-0.2mm.

6 . 11 . Synchronizing the sewing looper and the needle

(Fig. 33, 34)

The sewing looper must be locked in the lowest position of its holder, and when it reaches the far left position, the distance between the tip of the looper and the center line of the needle must be 2.5mm. To adjust the trajectory of the sewing looper, use fig. 34.

7. Troubleshooting and maintenance.

	Problem		Solution (fix)
	Broken needle	Blunt or bent needle, wrong needle system, needle incorrectly installed section 2.5. fig. ten.	Replace the needle with a new DC x 27 system.
		The needle guard has shifted.	Adjust the bumpers.
		The looper has moved.	Adjust the positions of the needle and looper relative to each other.
		Inconsistency of the needle number, thread number and thickness of the sewing material.	Change the needle (refer to the needle-to-thread table).
		The needle is not in the center of the needle hole in the needle plate or in the presser foot.	Adjust the needle plate and presser foot.
	Broken thread	The thread is not threaded correctly.	Thread the thread correctly.
		The thread tension is too high.
		Incorrect needle and looper adjustment.	Check the adjustment.
		Wrong thread and needle size
			Set the thread stand so that the thread feeds smoothly.
		Overheating of the needle: no silicone grease or improperly installed bumper.	Replenish silicone grease or adjust bumpers.
		There are burrs on the needle, looper, stitch plate, needle bar, thread tension washers or thread guide.	Grind and polish or replace with new one.
	Skipped stitches	The needle is dull or crooked, or the needle is incorrectly installed.	Install the new needle correctly.
		Wrong clearance between looper and needle.	Adjust the clearance.
			Change the thread and needle according to the matching needle-to-thread chart.
		Incorrect threading.	Thread the thread correctly.
		The thread tension is incorrect or the thread tension is too tight.	Adjust the thread tension.
		Looper tip is damaged.	Replace the looper with a new one and make adjustments.
		Fuses incorrectly installed.	Adjust.
	Loose stitches (loop stitch)	Incorrect threading.	Thread the thread correctly.
		Wrong thread and needle size.	Change the thread and needle according to the matching needle-to-thread chart.
		The thread tension is incorrectly adjusted.	Adjust the tension.
		The needle thread is not smeared.	Fill with silicone oil.
		Incorrect setting of the needle and loopers.	Adjust the needle and loopers.
	Uneven stitches (uneven, floating thread tension)	Incorrect threading.	Thread the thread correctly.
		The thread stand is not installed correctly.	Set the thread to feed the thread evenly.
		The lower knife is not installed correctly.	Install the lower knife correctly.
		The knives are not cutting accurately: the knives are not set correctly or the lower knife is dull.	Adjust the knives; sharpen or replace knives.
		The thread tension disc or thread guide has burrs.	Grind, polish or replace with new ones.
		The needle point is damaged.	Replace the needle with a new one.
		Incorrect thread tension.	Adjust the thread tension.
	Wrinkled stitches	The thread tension is too tight.	Adjust the thread tension.
		Incorrect presser foot pressure.	Adjust the pressure of the presser foot.
		The height of the cloth motors is not set correctly.	Adjust the fabric drives.
		The knives do not cut neatly.	Adjust the knives or sharpen them.
		The differential feed motor is not adjusted correctly.	Adjust the ratio of the differential tissue motor.
		The needle is too thin.	Use a needle that is appropriate for the fabric and thread.
		The width of the overcast does not match the width of the needle plate finger.	Adjust the overcast width or replace the throat plate.
	The thread chain does not come out smoothly without material	The presser foot is incorrectly installed.	Install the presser foot correctly.
		Incorrect timing of the thread take-ups.	Adjust the thread take-ups.
		The sewing looper is not installed correctly.	Make adjustments.
		Incorrect threading.	Thread the thread correctly.
		Incorrect or too tight thread tension.	Adjust the thread tension.
		OPERATING TELWIN CHARGERS MODELS: ALPINE 30 ... C INSTRUCTIONS BY OPERATION! GENERAL INFORMATION These chargers are designed for for charging ... ”to avoid damaging the battery. For models, which provide: availability ... Operating instructions for welding machines User's manual INSTRUCTION BY OPERATION TELWIN WELDING MACHINES MODELS: BIMAX 132, BIMAX ... lower roller (fig. C-3 for model BIMAX 152). Set with the adjusting screw ... and unscrew the tip (Fig. C-4 for model BIMAX 152) By turning the switch to ...

The tractor track can vary from 1200 to 1800 mm. (1500-1900 mm. For MTZ-82, MTZ-82L) along the guide wheels and from 1400 to 2100 mm. on the drive wheels, which allows you to work in all standard row-crop spacing.

The front wheel track of the MTZ-80 and MTZ-80L tractors is adjusted at intervals of 100 mm. with symmetrical and 50 mm. with asymmetric wheels. Proceed as follows to set the required track of the idler wheels:

1. raise the front of the tractor with a jack until the wheels lift off the ground.
2. loosen the bolts, remove the pins 24 of the extension knuckles in the front axle tube (see fig. "").
3. first move one and then the other extension fist (at the same time change the length of the steering rods by rotating the pipes 25 in the tips) by an amount corresponding to the track to be installed, and then fix the fists in the front axle tube.
4. when setting a track of 1400 mm. and more pipes 25 steering rods must be replaced with elongated ones (attached to the tractor spare parts and accessories).
5. lower the tractor. Check and if necessary.

The track of the front wheels of the MTZ-82, MTZ-82L tractor is steplessly adjusted by a screw mechanism located on the front axle sleeves (Fig. 113) in three intervals (Fig. 112): 1200-1500 mm., 1500-1600 mm., 1600-1800 mm. To change the track, raise the front of the tractor (or alternately the front wheels), ensuring the clearance between the wheels and the ground, brake the rear wheels.

Track adjustment of the MTZ-82 and MTZ-82L tractors (Fig. 113)

1. gasket
2. wedges
3. track adjustment cover (removed)

To install wheels on a track width of 1500-1600 instead of 1200-1500 (or vice versa), unscrew the nuts securing the wheel rim to the disc and turn the wheel so that the rim brackets go through the slots into the discs. Depending on the required track width, set the appropriate relative position of the wheel rim relative to the disk, as shown in Fig. 112.

To obtain a track within 1600-1800 mm. remove the wheels from the disks and swap them, that is, put the left wheel on the right side, the right wheel on the left (see Fig. 112). When doing this, make sure that the direction of rotation of the tire remains the same (in the direction of the arrow on the sidewall).

Diagram of the installation of the front wheels of the MTZ-82 and MTZ-82L tractors on a different track (Fig. 112)

When changing the track by rearranging the rim on the disc and the wheels from one side to the other, accordingly change the position of the wings by changing the fasteners of the wings. For this, there are additional holes in the brackets and wing supports.

To change the track gauge with a screw mechanism (fig. 113) do the following:

1. loosen the bolts, move and remove the cover 4.
2. loosen the wedges of the 3 sleeves by unscrewing the nuts enough to allow free movement of the bevel pair bodies.

By turning the adjusting screw with a wrench, the housings of the final drives with wheels are moved in the sleeves of the front axle and the required track is obtained in the indicated intervals. Turning the adjusting screw must be accompanied by a change in the length of the steering rods. On the left and right housings of the upper conical pairs, there are marks with a digital designation of the most common gauge dimensions: 1350, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1800 mm.

Be sure to re-adjust the toe-in of the front wheels after changing the track.

To change the rear wheel track, do the following:

1. raise the rear of the tractor with a jack until the wheels lift off the ground; unscrew the fastening bolts and remove the cover 1 (see fig. "") of the worm.
2. unscrew the bolts 8 fastening the liner to the hub of one of the wheels by 2-4 turns and clean the axle shaft from dirt.
3. rotating the worm 2, move the wheel until the required track is obtained, then tighten the bolts of the liner to the stop and reinstall the worm cover.
4. set the second wheel to the required position.

Up to 1600 mm. the track is obtained without rearranging the wheels.

For track gauges over 1600 mm. rearrange the wheels (see figure below).

• Size "A": 1400-1600 for (15.5-38) P; 1250-1600 for 9-42
• Size "B": 1800-2100 for (15.5-38) P; 1800-2100 for 9-42

The C-Series jaw crusher is adjusted to the width of the discharge slot by moving the two wedges towards and away from each other. This movement causes a change in the effective thickness "s" of the wedge pair, which in turn increases or decreases the width of the crusher discharge slot, respectively.

For all models of crushers, the adjustment of the width of the discharge gap can be done mechanically - by turning the blind (cap) nut by hand, or using hydraulic system (optional) using an electrical control panel. For information on hydraulic adjustment of the crusher's discharge slot (optional), see the section Hydraulic adjustment of the discharge slot.

4.6.1 Mechanical adjustment of the discharge gap

The main components of this device are adjusting wedges, blind nuts (2) and stop tubes (3). To change the width of the discharge slot, use the ratchet supplied with the crusher (special tool) to turn the blind nuts.

Figure 4.3 Mechanical adjustment of the discharge gap

To change the width of the discharge slot, it is necessary to loosen the lock nuts of the retraction rod and then, it is necessary to turn the blind nuts clockwise or counterclockwise to increase or decrease the width of the discharge slot of the crusher, respectively. One full turn of one blind nut has a cumulative effect on the crusher's discharge slot as shown in Table 4-1. One full turn of both blind nuts in the same direction will cause the crusher to double the width of the crusher discharge slot, as shown in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1 Average change in the width of the relief slot per turn of the blind nut

To calculate how many turns of blind nuts are required to change the width of the relief slot, simply divide the required amount of change in the width of the relief slot by the appropriate value from Table 4-1 and by the number of nuts.

Required speed \u003d (Required change in discharge slot) / (Change in crusher discharge slot)

Round the result to the nearest higher number.

Example: To change the width of the discharge slot on a C125 crusher by 10 mm (3/8 in.), The blind nuts must be turned as follows:

10 mm / 1.7 mm / rev \u003d 5.88 \u003d 6 full revolutions \u003d 3 turns of each blind nut

3/8 ”/ 0.07” / rev \u003d 5.35 \u003d 6 full revolutions \u003d 3 turns of each cap nut

4.6.1.1 Reducing the crusher's discharge slot

2. Determine how much it is necessary to reduce the width of the unloading slot, and then calculate the number of revolutions by which the blind nuts must be turned.

3. Unscrew the tension spring locknuts (Figure 4.4). When loosening the springs, make sure that the spacer plate does not fall out.

5. Turn the blind nuts COUNTER-CLOCKWISE. Check that both wedges are adjusted equally so that their position relative to the crusher remains unchanged. If the width of the unloading slot is planned to change significantly, it is necessary to turn the blind nuts a little, then release the spring locknuts a little more, if necessary. Washers are attached to the rear ends of the adjusting wedges. When reducing the width of the unloading slot, the wedges should move only as long as these washers abut against the guides.

6. Secure the tubes with cotter pins.

7. Adjust the length of the springs according to Table 4-2 (See Figure 4-4).

8. Start the crusher and listen for the spacer plate for hitting. If beating is heard, contact Metso Minerals for advice.

9. Start the crushing process.

Figure 4.4

Table 4-2 Working length of the return spring

4.6.1.2 Increasing the crusher's discharge slot

The crusher discharge slot can only be adjusted when the crusher is not in operation.

1. Stop the crushing process and stop the crusher.

2. Determine how much it is necessary to increase the width of the unloading slot, and then calculate the number of revolutions by which the blind nuts must be turned.

3. Unscrew the tension spring locknuts (Figure 4.4).

4. Remove the split pin from the stop tube and slide the tube towards the crusher.

5. Turn the blind nuts CLOCKWISE. Check that both wedges are adjusted equally so that their position relative to the crusher remains unchanged.

6. Make sure that the spacer plate does not fall out when loosening the springs.

7. Secure the tubes with cotter pins.

8. Adjust the length of the springs according to table 4.2 (See figure 4.4).

9. Start the crusher and listen for the spacer plate for impact. If beating is heard, contact Metso Minerals for advice.

10. Start the crushing process.

4.6.2 Hydraulic adjustment of the discharge gap (optional)

Hydraulic adjustment of the discharge slot width allows remote adjustment of the discharge slot width, which greatly speeds up the adjustment process carried out from the remote control panel.

Figure 4.5 Adjusting the width of the discharge slot

The system is powered by an independent hydraulic unit, or it can be connected to a large hydraulic system like in Lokotrack. The oil pressure of the hydraulic system causes the wedges to move towards or away from each other, thereby decreasing or increasing the width of the discharge slot, respectively.

Adjustment of the width of the discharge slot can be done with the crusher inoperative or at idle speed. Adjusting the discharge gap during crushing will shorten the life of the crusher parts. More information can be found in the Installation Manual, chapter 4.7 - Installation of the hydraulic unit.

4.6.2.1 Reducing the width of the discharge slot

Turn the discharge gap adjustment switch 6 (located on the control panel) to the “decrease” position. Observe the movement of the wedges.

Note: Do not allow the crushing plates of the cheeks to hit each other.

Adjust the width of the discharge slot in several steps. Check the width of the discharge slot between adjustments, see the minimum discharge slot given in the General information about crusher section.

After making the adjustment, check the pressures in the jacking cylinder.

Figure 4.6 Control panel of the unloading slot width adjustment system

4.6.2.1 Increasing the width of the discharge slot

Turn the relief adjustment switch 6 (located on the control panel) to the “increase” position. Observe the movement of the wedges.

When the width of the discharge slot increases, the pressure in the jacking cylinders will automatically rise and the wedges will stop briefly.

After making the adjustment, check the pressure values \u200b\u200bin the jacking cylinders.

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• platform security, which guarantees the confidentiality of data and payment information;
• selection of licensed software from reliable providers, in whose work it is impossible to interfere;
• availability of a Russian-language version for greater convenience of users from Russia and the CIS countries;
• support service, including its schedule, response speed, quality of problem solving;
• withdrawal of money without additional delays or verifications, as well as options for receiving money and the speed of processing transactions;
• bonus programs for new and regular users, the presence of tournaments, lotteries, periodic promotions;
• payment systems that affect the convenience of customers to replenish an account and withdraw winnings.

This is just a small list of current requirements that are evaluated by experts. Each criterion receives its own importance factor that is taken into account when summing up the final result.

What is a licensed casino?

Casino rating , testifying to the honesty and transparency of the work of gambling platforms, may consist exclusively of institutions with valid licenses for activities. Legal clubs are required to pass regulatory audits and comply with all regulations in order to obtain approval.

The mere mention of a license on the site is not enough. Experts understand that scammers can use logos to deceive naive users, so they independently analyze the information. To do this, go to the official website of the regulator and use the document number or name legal entity confirm the information. If there is no license information, then it is a fake.

Analysts also use technical analysis to check licensed software. They use developer tools to access information about the data transfer server. If the casino uses the official portal of the software provider, then the software is fair and legal. This means that you cannot interfere with his work and tweak the final results.

How is casino fairness determined?

It is quite difficult to independently assess the honesty of a gaming club, which is associated with the amount of available resources and knowledge. Before including establishments inhonest casino rating, analysts conduct a thorough check of many factors:

• the regions where the players are taken from, since forbidden jurisdictions speak volumes;
• withdrawal limits, limiting one-time transactions, as well as daily, weekly and monthly amount of transactions;
• availability of information about KYC and AML, which indicates compliance with the requirements of legislation on the honesty and legality of the origin of money;
• reputation confirming the honesty and reliability of the club and the absence of high-profile scandals or problems;
• the duration of work, allowing you to fully assess the history of the online resource, including all the advantages and disadvantages;
• the presence of a regulator and compliance with its rules, which increases the chances of fairness of activity.

License and regulator are quite important criteria, but this does not provide a 100% guarantee of honesty. Only clubs that allowed players to get big wins and jackpots, gave gifts for lotteries and tournaments, can count on such a title.

Varieties of slot machines

The number of slots, machines and other types of gambling entertainment says a lot about the institution. Some clubs cooperate with only a few software providers, but receive popular and new game offers from them, while others expand their network of partnership agreements and invite a huge number of brands to cooperate. The more machines are presented on the gaming platform, the easier it is for the client to choose the slot he likes.

But rating of licensed casinos takes into account not only the variety of games, but also their quality. Reliable gambling establishments use exclusively licensed software that has been tested for honesty and safety. Such machines allow you to count on returns up to 98%, and you cannot interfere with their work and tweak the algorithm for generating results.

To be honest, all sites are aimed at making a profit. Even if one of the players wins the jackpot, in the long term, the institution remains in the black. But only honest clubs allow users to get a big jackpot and withdraw it to a real account. This is what distinguishes licensed online casinos from fraudulent projects.

Bonus policy

Create a casino rating it is impossible without taking into account the bonus policy. All gaming clubs use promotions and gifts to attract new and retain existing customers. But some of the establishments act quite cunningly, creating hidden conditions for wagering or accruals, setting unrealistic conditions for wagering in the range from x60-100, which are almost impossible to fulfill.

The standard set of incentives consists of the following categories:

1. No deposit bonus for greeting new customers - credited for confirming email address and phone number. As a reward, use free money or free spins on machines with a prerequisite for wagering.
2. Registration gift - free spins or multipliers of the replenishment amount for 1-5 deposits from the moment of creating a personal profile. The exact size of the bonus and maximum limits are set individually by each club.
3. Loyalty program - various systems of user statuses that affect the size of the weekly cashback, the availability of personal terms of service, individual gifts, a favorable exchange rate of local currency for money and much more.
4. Promotional codes are periodic promotions from gambling clubs that give out gift certificates for free spins, no deposit or account multipliers for everyone.

Russian-speaking casinos

Making up rating of the best casinos in 2020, the presence of the Russian language on the platform is taken into account. The Russian-language interface allows users from Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and the CIS countries to deal with registration, login, account replenishment and other features of the platform without any problems. It also confirms that the institution is focused on Russian-speaking users, offering them unique bonuses and support.

The work of the support service is taken into account. Most gambling clubs provide assistance to clients exclusively on english language, which complicates the communication process. You need to use a translator or contact knowledgeable people to compose a request and understand the support response. Therefore, the rating includes only those online clubs that advise customers in support chats and by phone in Russian.

The Russian-language interface in the casino will allow you to easily understand the platform's user rules, study bonus offers and the specifics of their accruals, wagering, take part in tournaments and lotteries without any doubts about the correctness of actions.

Fast cash out casinos

Particular attention is paid to the speed of payments in online casinos. Some clubs offer withdrawals to bank cards and e-wallets within a few hours, and for VIP clients, requests are processed instantly. Others use manual processing of applications on business days according to a special schedule, so payments can be delayed up to 1-3 business days from the date of application. To save users from long waiting times,casino rating with fast withdrawal.

It consists exclusively of those institutions that promptly review all applications and do not create obstacles to receiving money. Not only the speed of transfers is taken into account, but also the absence of problems when requesting large payments or money transfers after winning a jackpot, a big jackpot. Only honest establishments can guarantee fair payments and no problems with payments.

It also analyzes the available payment systems for deposits and requesting money. Standard sites support a minimal number of ways, but progressive clubs constantly analyze trends in order to integrate new technical solutions.

The main payment systems in online casinos:

• bank cards MIR, MasterCard, Visa;
• electronic wallets QIWI, Yandex, Webmoney, Neteller, Skrill and others;
• mobile payments Beeline, MegaFon, MTS, TELE2;
• russian Internet banking;
• popular cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin.

Customer support service

An important factor that was taken into account in order to createhonest casino rating - availability of customer support and the quality of its work. Reliable establishments take care of their own customer base, therefore they organize special telephone lines, as well as online chats to promptly answer users' questions and solve their problems.

Analysts used phone lines, live chats, and email contacts to analyze support. At different times of the day, the site staff received various questions or requests to deal with technical problems. After that, the quality of their work was assessed, which included the following factors:

• the speed of providing responses;
• does the consultant solve the problem and how long it took;
• literacy of answers and the availability of Russian-speaking employees in support.

If the casino does not have Russian-speaking operators, we recommend using an online translator from Google to translate questions and answers from consultants.

conclusions

Before registering in an online club, you need to analyze the reliability, transparency of its work, as well as check the reputation and reviews on the network. Instead, we suggest usinghonest casino ratingcompiled by experienced gamblers. Through their own experience, they rejected dozens of suspicious gambling clubs, leaving the best establishments of 2020 on the list.