In the summer, the VAZ 2112 gets very hot. Why does the engine get very hot? How to determine if the engine is overheated
Every car owner was faced with the fact that the 16-valve VAZ-2112 engine began to heat up. If you look at the indicator dashboard, then the arrow tends to the red zone, and liquid boils in the expansion tank - this means that there is a malfunction in the cooling system.
The temperature indicator needle has entered the red zone, which means the engine is overheating
Many car enthusiasts remember the reasons for the effect on old Zhiguli cars. On 16-valve engines, the reasons for this effect are almost the same. Let's consider what reasons may cause the main power unit to begin to overheat:
- The system is clogged.
- Thermostat stuck.
- Damage to the pump. Replace the pump. .
- Radiator.
- Cooling sensor malfunction.
- The cooling fan does not work (see “)”.
All these problems can cause the engine to overheat.
Elimination methods
To eliminate the causes of engine heating, it is necessary to establish the epicenter of the effect. To do this, it is worth checking each node sequentially. After identifying the problem, it is worth finding the exact cause and eliminating it. So, let's consider the sequence of actions.
Engine cooling system diagram
Radiator and pipes
One of the reasons for engine overheating may be that the radiator and pipes become clogged, which affects the circulation of fluid in the system, and can also lead to cracks in the pipes and breakdown of the radiator, which will lead to leakage of coolant.
If there is insufficient coolant in the system, the power unit will heat up faster and take a long time to cool down, and the cooling fan will run almost continuously.
Radiator and cooling system pipes
The method for solving the problem is quite simple - dismantling the radiator from the system and cleaning it both outside and inside.
The second stage will be to inspect the pipes for leaks and replace worn-out products. As practice shows, many motorists install kit kits (tuning versions) of the radiator and pipes to extend the service life of the cooling system.
Pump (water pump)
One of the main reasons for overheating is that it appears water pump play . It is quite easy to determine this malfunction, because a corresponding howl appears in the pump area. Also, a sign of a malfunction may be that liquid begins to leak from the pump shaft. The problem can be fixed quite easily by replacing the water pump.
Engine mounted water pump
Thermostat
The thermostat is the first place to look for a problem.
Yes, when If the thermostat is stuck on a small circle, the engine heats up more often than usual, even when driving on the highway, where there is enough oncoming air flow for the system to have time to cool itself.
Thermostat removed from the engine
There is one caveat when the thermostat should not be changed - if it fails in winter. Then, additional cooling is provided by sub-zero temperatures. Of course, if the thermostat fails in the summer, then to prevent overheating of the motor, it must be replaced as soon as possible.
Cooling sensor
The cooling temperature sensor is a harmless breakdown that can lead to the indicator on the instrument panel showing incorrect data, so the driver will not even know that the engine has overheated until it boils on the road.
Typically, this malfunction is accompanied by many associated factors, so it is quite difficult to miss it. There is only one solution to the problem - replacing the cooling system sensor and resetting errors that occurred in the ECU.
Cooling sensor
Fan
The last cause of overheating, especially in the summer, is the cooling system fan.
The fan under the hood is indicated by an arrow
So, a breakdown of this unit can lead to the engine overheating, and.
In this case, the consequences can be very diverse, well, you need to check the fan for serviceability, as well as the sensor for turning it on - that’s for sure. This part fails quite rarely, and therefore the reason for the failure may be a simple fuse or a wiring fault, which can be easily fixed.
Consequences of untimely elimination of defects
Not all drivers realize what consequences can be caused by an engine overheating, and continue to drive with a constantly running fan or frequent overheating.
So, the consequences of strong engine heating are divided into 3 stages, which are worth considering separately.
Slight overheating
If the engine overheats for up to 10 minutes, the consequences may be minor. Thus, cracks will appear in the cooling system pipes, valve seals will melt and camshaft. Also, the valves will burn out, and oil will enter the combustion chambers, which will be marked by the release of black smoke from the exhaust system.
Consequences of mild overheating, namely burnout of valves
Significant overheating
With significant overheating, deformation occurs, or rather deflection of the cylinder head. To eliminate these consequences, you will have to dismantle the cylinder head and submit it for surface grinding. Thus, it turns out that the block head is subject to major repairs.
Severe overheating
With severe overheating, the walls of the cylinder block become deformed and burn out, causing melting of the piston group, deformation of the connecting rods, or even breakage of the crankshaft. Thus, the engine cannot be repaired, since the walls usually power unit are collapsing and their restoration is impossible.
conclusions
Reasons for heating and overheating 16 valve engine Elimination methods have been established and discussed. Thus, untimely repair of this unit can lead to the fact that the engine will finally fail and will need to be replaced. Therefore, if the first signs appear that the cooling system has failed, it is necessary to find and eliminate the cause, since a replacement will be much more expensive.
Laid the beginning of a whole family of cars. Some of them are still in production today. This model range characterized by high reliability and relative simplicity of execution, which is one of the main reasons for the high popularity of the car. However, long-term operation has revealed a number of significant shortcomings. One of them is the cooling system.
It works great on a relatively new car, however, as soon as the service life exceeds 10 years, malfunctions appear in its operation. They ultimately manifest themselves in the same way. The arrow of the device indicating the temperature invariably creeps up. There may be several reasons why the VAZ 2110 engine heats up, and this problem requires detailed consideration.
Car cooling system
The cooling system is made according to the classical design. The coolant circulates in large and small circles. Its transition from one circle to another is carried out automatically using a thermostat. The antifreeze is cooled in a radiator, which is made of aluminum for better heat transfer.
To prevent engine overheating during long-term operation in low gears, the car is equipped with a fan that turns on automatically when the temperature reaches a certain value. The main causes of malfunction of the VAZ 2110 car:
- thermostat failure;
- the fan does not work;
- airlock;
- coolant level is low;
- dirty engine surface.
Any of these reasons may cause the engine to become very hot. As a result, the machine will lose a significant part of its power.
Thermostat and fan malfunctions
A symptom of a faulty thermostat is a sudden increase in temperature for no apparent reason. That is, the car engine was operating in normal mode, there was no long standing in traffic jams or driving in first gear, and the instrument needle was close to the critical mark. Why is this happening? The fact is that, as a rule, the thermostat gets stuck in the closed position.
In this case, the liquid continues to circulate bypassing the radiator, which is not enough to cool the engine. Determining whether the thermostat is really at fault is very simple. It is necessary to warm up the engine to a temperature of 90 °C. Now you should evaluate the temperature of the pipe that goes to the radiator. If it is cold, the thermostat must be replaced.
Unlike the previous case, engine overheating is preceded by prolonged operation in low gears. In this mode, the VAZ 2110 radiator does not have sufficient airflow and when the temperature reaches 95 ° C, a sensor is triggered that turns on the fan. If this does not happen, engine overheating is inevitable. Such damage is complicated by the fact that faults, in addition to the fan itself, can occur in its power supply circuit.
As a special case, a blown fuse should be mentioned. 
If the fan motor starts to spin when the contacts are closed, the sensor is faulty. If not, then the problem may be in the fuse and you need to check it. If it is in good working order, further repairs require skills and availability special device, so it’s better to contact a specialist.
Overheating of a car engine is a problem that every driver can face.
In this article we can find out:
- how to notice in time that the engine has overheated;
- why the engine heats up in general and in certain situations;
- what to do if the engine overheats.
To understand the essence of the issue, it is necessary to consistently read all the explanations of an experienced auto mechanic.
How to determine if the engine is overheated
At first glance it seems very simple - according to the indicators of the engine temperature device, or - sensor. This is true, if not for one thing - novice motorists are so captivated by the road situation around them that they look at the instrument panel only in one case - how much fuel is left. Experienced motorists, on the contrary, due to their confidence in their abilities, also do not look at the car’s dashboard. And as a result, a situation often arises that overheating is detected when the engine temperature has long exceeded permissible limits, and irreparable damage has been caused to the engine. It is irreparable overheating that is one of the most complex malfunctions, which leads to very serious consequences. But more on that later.
But there is a way that will not let you miss the moment of overheating. This is problematic in a traffic jam, and is not always clearly present, but here’s what you should be aware of:
As soon as the engine temperature exceeds the permissible norm, when you sharply press the gas pedal, or when accelerating the car, even slightly, clearly detonation knocks are heard, which are popularly called “tapping fingers.” This is not true, but everyone knows this definition.
If you hear such a sound, there is a 99% chance that the engine has overheated, and action must be taken.
Detonation knock is a loud metallic knock, the frequency of which coincides with the engine speed. You've probably heard such sounds when refueling. low-quality fuel. I personally don’t know where the concept of “tapping fingers” came from. But the real reason for such knocking noises is a disruption in the fuel combustion process. What you hear is nothing but explosions fuel mixture. During normal engine operation, the combustion process is controlled, but as soon as one of the operating parameters is violated, the process goes out of control and combustion turns into an explosion. Hence the concept - detonation (from the word detonate - explode) knocks. When the engine overheats, this is the first sign.
Before continuing the conversation, let's define what is normal temperature and what is overheating. There is no one-word answer, but there are general rules.
The engine temperature is within 85-95 degrees Celsius, which is working.
Engine temperature up to 100 degrees is acceptable. This means that a short-term increase in temperature to 100, sometimes up to 105 degrees is allowed. Just for a short time - up to 5 minutes.
Engine temperature above 105 degrees Celsius means overheating and action must be taken.
Reasons that can cause overheating
1. Lack of coolant. The liquid in the engine boils not because there is not enough of it, but here’s why: remember about the outer surface for cooling? If there is a lack of fluid, the contact surface between the fluid and the heated engine is insufficient, and heat transfer to environment bad things happen. This is where the overheating comes from. The engine cooling system is not sealed, as many believe, and fluid evaporates during operation - do not forget to check its level regularly. And of course, monitor the condition of the radiator and pipes - leaks are unacceptable. There are cases of internal leakage - as a result of damage to the gasket between the head and the cylinder block. Water from exhaust pipe will not run, but a constant decrease in the fluid level without visible leaks is a reason to be wary and contact a specialist. Water accumulated in the cylinders at the moment of starting the engine can lead to water hammer - this can literally destroy the piston group, and not only that.
2. Radiator condition. The gaps between the radiator honeycombs are quite small and can gradually become contaminated by representatives of the insect world. This is not a joke; there was a case when minor contamination of the radiator (coupled with the poor condition of the engine) led to constant overheating of the car. Keep the radiator clean and blow it with compressed air at least occasionally.
3. Incorrectly set ignition angle. If the ignition angle is violated, the fuel combustion process is disrupted. As a consequence, an increase in combustion temperature and a decrease in power. The power has dropped, but there is no need. What are we doing? That's right - press the gas pedal harder. It turns out that more fuel is spent on the design operating mode of the engine (at which normal cooling occurs). Hence the overheating. By the way, an ignition problem can arise (spontaneously, and not after your intervention in the finely tuned engine mechanism) if the timing belt or chain is stretched. This is not the only possibility, but it is common - keep in mind.
4. Fuel quality. An inappropriate octane number leads to a decrease in power and an increase in the temperature of fuel combustion. There is only one way out - refuel in one place, so the likelihood of getting bad gasoline is lower.
5. Deposits on the walls of the engine and radiator. The reason is simple - the use of low-quality coolant, or even water. A little more detail. From a physics point of view, using water is better, since water has better thermal conductivity than alcohol-containing antifreeze. But - there are salts in the water (you can see them on the walls of the kettle) - the same thing happens inside the engine. As a result, water circulation is disrupted, cooling efficiency is reduced and the engine overheats. If you are pouring water into expansion tank– pour distilled water, it is free of salts. It is best to use special antifreeze. Believe me, it is impossible to completely remove scale from the engine. And one more “beauty of water: if, after water, for example in winter, you fill in antifreeze - be prepared for drips (it can leak anywhere: radiator, pipes) - this is a fact. If you constantly drive “on antifreeze,” nothing will happen, but after water, antifreeze will flow 99%.
6. Engine wear. This can include many aspects, but in most cases it is wear of the piston group. When using the car for a long time, piston rings, which serve to seal the combustion chamber, wear out, which leads to a decrease in compression, impaired fuel combustion, loss of power (remember the formula) and overheating of the car.
Somehow it turned out to be too difficult. To put it simply: fuel burns better at a certain pressure that is created in the combustion chamber. Pressure is about 12 atmospheres. If you take a pipe, plug it with potatoes and blow inside, pressure will be created inside, which is called compression. The force with which you blow will represent the force of expansion of the fuel during combustion, which pushes on the piston and causes the crankshaft to rotate. The rings serve to fit the piston more tightly to the cylinder (in our case, potatoes and tube). Now, if you put in a loose piece of potato and blow, the air will pass past the potato piston.
This is what happens in the engine when the piston group wears out (ring wear and cylinder wall wear). As a result, part of the expansion energy of the fuel during combustion passes by the piston (between the piston and the cylinder), and compression (optimal pressure in the combustion chamber) decreases, which worsens the quality of combustion. And again - loss of power and overheating. There is only one way out - contact a specialist.
7. Radiator fan. In some (older) car models, there was no such reason, since the fan was driven directly from the crankshaft through a belt. Now, the fans are electric and turn on when the temperature sensor is triggered. The sensor may not work, and the fan may not turn on. This is a fairly common reason. You just have to go out and look - the motor connection contacts may be oxidized.
8. Air pockets formed when filling liquid. By the way, in this case the temperature sensor may not show an increase in temperature. How to get rid of a traffic jam is the topic of a separate article. I’ll add on my own – when pouring liquid into the cooling system, the car must be horizontal.
9. Thermostat. The thermostat divides the cooling system into two circles - small and large. The small one is used to warm up the car (the amount of liquid is reduced, the radiator is turned off), when a certain temperature is reached, the large circle is connected (the radiator is connected). If the thermostat is jammed, then only the small circle is used: the amount of fluid is insufficient, the radiator is turned off - the car is overheating. You can determine this by feeling the lower pipes leading to the radiator: if they are cold and the car is overheated, change the thermostat.
10. Pump. A pump is a pump that forcibly displaces water to improve circulation. By and large, two troubles can happen to the pump: it will simply leak - you will see, and the second, which is more difficult to determine, is wear of the pump impeller. When the impeller wears out, the pump slowly pumps liquid, as a result, the liquid in the engine heats up faster than in the radiator (water circulation worsens). You can tell by uneven heating - the radiator is cold, but the engine is boiling. Attention - the same symptoms occur if the thermostat is malfunctioning or if there is an air lock.
There may also be other reasons - one of which is from the category “you can’t invent it on purpose.” For example, the parking brake is not fully weakened, which leads to the car slowing down, increasing the load on the engine, and overheating. The handbrake cable may get stuck - there was such a case. The car slows down slightly, but this is enough in the heat.
And some people also blame the air conditioner on. By and large, this is rather a far-fetched reason. Of course, the air conditioner creates additional load on the engine, but this was taken into account during the development. If the engine is really bad - complete wear and tear - then this can happen. What to do - turn off the miracle of modern automobile manufacturing.
Perhaps we'll stop there. The only thing we'll talk about at the end is overheating in a traffic jam. No one is immune from this.
What to do if your car overheats in a traffic jam
When driving a car for a long time in a lower gear, the engine operates with increased power, which in itself leads to overheating. Add to this the lack of counter-flow of air necessary to cool the radiator.
What to do?
The main thing is not to panic. Short-term overheating is not terrible, but if you see that the car is not cooling down, it’s time to act.
Important - do not turn off the engine unless absolutely necessary. Exactly - without extreme. A stalled, overheated engine is an almost 100% guarantee of repair. It will take quite a long time to describe what is happening in the engine in this case (rotating the liners together with the crankshaft, when the engine is subsequently started - the least of the possible troubles), just take it on faith.
Important - do not think about pouring water on the engine or pouring cold water into the radiator. The result is the same - repair. Moreover, you can try so hard that you cannot do without replacing the block and cylinder head. Another "charm" cold water¬– microcracks inside the block. Finding and eliminating will be very, very difficult, if not impossible.
The car has overheated - try to pull over to the side of the road. If it doesn’t work out, don’t panic and don’t pay attention to those around you – it’s important for you to save the engine.
Stopped at Idling, turn the heating stove on full, and wait. If after 5-10 minutes the situation does not improve, turn off the engine.
It’s a good idea to open the hood; the main thing in a panic is not to forget to set the car’s parking brake.
The only reason to turn off the engine right away is clouds of steam coming from under the hood. Most likely, the cooling pipe has burst, and further operation of the engine will only worsen the situation.
This is what it looks like, engine overheating, if you look closely. Now you know why the engine gets hot and how to deal with it.
Engine overheating is not uncommon for a car like the VAZ 2110. This problem mainly occurs in cars with high mileage. Although even with relatively new copies, overheating of the motor cannot be ruled out.
Mileage is often the culprit. As the vehicle is used, parts wear out and systems gradually become unusable.
Common Causes
As you know, the VAZ 2110 is equipped with two types of engines - with 8 and 16 valves. There are several main, most common reasons that cause this overheating of power units.
Let's look at each of the reasons and ways to resolve these problems separately.
Low coolant level
Coolant plays a huge role in the operation of the cooling system. A special substance, namely antifreeze or antifreeze, is poured into the expansion tank.
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In a normal situation, the level of the coolant solution should be at the level of, or rather the MAX marks on the tank body. This indicates that the container is approximately 50-60 percent full.
If there is no such mark on the tank, refer to the clamp. The liquid should reach its upper edge.
- If the engine overheats, try simply adding the missing amount of coolant so that it is at the optimal filling level.
- If you have not changed the coolant for a long time, it is better not to add new coolant, but simply replace it completely with new coolant.
- When choosing between antifreeze and antifreeze, most VAZ 2110 owners prefer the first. And mainly due to the financial availability of antifreeze. But in practice, antifreeze is better. One of its most important advantages is that the substance does not freeze in severe frosts. For individual regions of our country, this is a key factor in the choice of coolant.
Thermostat
Another reason for engine overheating is a stuck thermostat valve. If it remains in the closed position and does not open, the coolant will move only along a small circuit. This will result in extreme heat power plant. Overheating itself threatens with very, very serious consequences.
Such a malfunction can manifest itself at the most inopportune moment - on the road. You are unlikely to be able to carry out high-quality repairs on the side of the road.. But you can try one method - knock on the thermostat housing. Often this allows you to return the device to its functionality for a while. This way you can get to your own garage or the nearest station Maintenance. There the thermostat has already been replaced with a new one. There is no point in repairing it. If he failed once, the situation will certainly repeat itself soon.
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temperature sensor
A temperature sensor is required in order to respond to changes in engine heating. When a preset point is reached, the sensor is triggered and turns on the cooling fan.
If this device malfunctions, the power unit overheats because the fan does not activate. Consequently, the temperature does not fall below critical levels, but continues to gradually rise.
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If such trouble finds you on the way ( most often the engine overheats when stuck in traffic jams, since the engine is running but there is no flow of cooling oncoming air ), try to get out of the jam as quickly as possible and find a free section of the road.
Accelerate during the free stretch and then begin engine braking. This will lower the temperature and prevent overheating. Under no circumstances should you regularly operate your car this way. But this is a great way to get to a garage or auto repair shop, determine the cause of the sensor failure, and then replace it.
Cooling Fan
The symptoms of fan malfunctions are similar to a non-working temperature sensor. That is, the engine will heat up, the indicator on the dashboard will be in the red zone.
Coolant overheat alarm
Most cars are equipped with a temperature sensor that measures the operating temperature of the engine. If the overheat warning light comes on while driving (or the temperature gauge goes into the red hot zone), the coolant temperature is between 120°C and 126°C. This temperature still remains below the boiling point of the coolant (provided that the cooling system and the radiator seal are in good condition). If the coolant overheat warning light comes on, do the following:
Step 1. Turn off the interior air conditioning and turn on the interior heater. This will help remove excess heat from the engine faster. Set the fan to maximum rotation speed.
Step 2. If possible, turn off the engine and allow it to cool (this may take more than an hour).
Step 3. Under no circumstances should you attempt to remove the radiator seal until the engine has cooled down.
Step 4. If the overheat warning light is illuminated, do not continue driving, otherwise the engine may be seriously damaged.
Step 5. If the engine does not glow with heat and is not clearly overheated, then it is possible that the problem is due to a malfunction of the temperature sensor or temperature indicator. Then you can continue driving, but to be on the safe side, you need to stop from time to time to check for signs of engine overheating and for signs of coolant leakage.
COMMON CAUSES OF ENGINE OVERHEATING
Low coolant level.
Clogged, dirty or blocked radiator.
Faulty fan clutch or faulty electric fan.
Incorrectly set ignition timing.
Low oil level in the engine lubrication system.
Broken fan drive belt.
Faulty radiator seal.
Brakes sticking.
Coolant freezing (in frosty weather).
Faulty thermostat.
Faulty cooling water pump
(slippage of the impeller on the internal shaft of the pump).
Experience exchange
The owner complained that his car's engine overheated, but this only happened when he was driving on the freeway at high speed. The car was equipped with an engine that worked flawlessly when driving in the city cycle.
The mechanic flushed the cooling system and replaced the radiator seal and water pump, believing that the cause of the overheating was a decrease in coolant flow in the cooling system. During further inspection, it was revealed that when the engine is cranked by the starter with the spark plugs unscrewed, coolant sprays out of one of the cylinders. The problem was resolved after the cylinder head gasket was replaced. Obviously, the leak caused by a defective gasket was not large enough to cause engine malfunction - as long as the speed and load on the engine did not increase so much that the resulting increase in coolant leakage and heat generation did not lead to a rapid increase in temperature.
The mechanic also replaced the oxygen (0 2) sensor, because the coolant contains organosilicon compounds and silicates, which, if they get on this sensor, usually poison it. Sensor degradation may have contributed to this problem.
Rice. 7.42. In the mid-1980s, many manufacturers began using serpentine belt drives (a belt with longitudinal V-shaped ribs instead of transverse teeth). Older water pumps will fit the engine, but they may turn in the opposite direction than they should. This may cause the engine to overheat after replacing the pump. If you install the wrong type of fan, then the angle of attack of its blades will not correspond to that required to create the necessary air flow through the radiator
For proper operation of the cooling system, the condition and correct installation drive belt. The tension of the drive belt has a decisive influence not only on the operating mode of the water pump, but also on the alternator, air conditioning compressor and other belt-driven units. When replacing a belt or adjusting its tension, be sure to measure the belt tension using a belt tension meter to ensure that it is exactly as required.